Fear of Falling and Quality of Life in Older Hemodialysis Patients in Tehran Hospitals 2 2 Introduction: Several factors influence the quality of life (QoL) of older adults, particularly those on hemodialysis. Fear of falling and its resulting limitations are significant contributors. This study investigated the association between fear of falling and QoL in older hemodialysis patients in Tehran hospitals . Methods: A descriptive-correlational design was used with 197 older hemodialysis patients in Tehran hospitals (2021) recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Falls Efficacy Scale-International , and the Leiden International Psychogeriatric Assessment of Life Functions scale to assess QoL. Spearman's rank correlation was performed using SPSS-21 software. Results: The mean QoL score (54.68 ± 16.09) indicated a moderate level. The mean fear of falling score (35.29 ± 13.54) reflected a high level. A significant negative correlation (R = -0.63, p = 0.001) was found between fear of falling and QoL. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that increased fear of falling is associated with a decrease in QoL among older hemodialysis patients. Further research is warranted to explore interventions aimed at managing fear of falling, preventing falls, and ultimately improving QoL in this population. Corresponding Author: Nahid Rejeh View Orcid in Profile You can search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Profile 1 6 2024/02/22 1402/12/3 2024/05/19 1403/2/30 Mohammad Dehesh Mohammad Dehesh Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Iran Parvaneh Samady kia Parvaneh Samady kia Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iran Nahid Rejeh Nahid Rejeh Elderly Care Research Center, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Iran nrejeh@yahoo.com Seyed Davood Tadrisi Seyed Davood Tadrisi Trauma Research Center, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran Iran std1344@yahoo.com Aged Quality of Life Fear of Fallin Statistical Center Of Iran. detailed results of the Population and Housing Census [Internet]. 2016 [Cited 17 October 2023]. Available from: http://www.sci.org##Soleimani MA, Bastani F, Negarandeh R. Exploring of challenges of self-care in people with Parkinson’s disease: Resulting from qualitative research study. Journal of Gerontology. 2016; 1(1): 63-78. [Persian]##Immonen M, Haapea M, Similä H, Enwald H, Keränen N, Kangas M, et al. Association between chronic diseases and falls among a sample of older people in Finland. BMC Geriatrics. 2020; 20(1): 1-12.##Afkand S, Nourozi Tabrizi K, Fallahi Khoshknab M, Reza Soltani P. The impact of multidimensional model of psychiatric rehabilitation care on hemodialysis patient's depression. Journal of Health Promotion Management. 2012; 1(3): 7-16. [Persian]##Hosseini A, Fotokian Z, Jannat Alipour Z. Studying the degree of frailty and its related factors in the elderly undergoing hemodialysis. Caspian Journal of Health and Aging. 2022; 7(2): 11-27. [Persian]##Auguste BL, Chan CT. Home dialysis among elderly patients: outcomes and future directions. Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease. 2019; 6(1): 1-6.##Samakoosh MA, Aghaie N, Gholami F, Shirzad M, Yosefi E, Baboli MT. Assessment dialysis adequacy in hemodialysis patients of Qaemshar Razi Hospital in 2012. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2013; 23(107): 20-7. [Persian]##Matsufuji S, Shoji T, Yano Y, Tamaru A, Tsuchikura S, Miyabe M, et al. Difficulty in activities of daily living and falls in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A cross-sectional study with nondialysis controls. Hemodialysis International. 2021; 25(3): 338-47.##Ravindran A, Sunny A, Kunnath RP, Divakaran B. Assessment of quality of life among end-stage renal disease patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Indian Journal of Palliative Care. 2020; 26(1): 47-53.##Baneshi R, Saboor M, Haghi M, Bidhendi Yarandi R, Zandieh Z. Fear of falling and its relationship with frailty in older adults. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2023; 18 (2): 204-17. [Persian]##de Jesus LA, Pinheiro BV, de Oliveira AC, Suassuna LF, Silva BL, de Paula RB, et al. Association between fear of falling and a history of falls in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis. 2023; 27(2): 264-9.##Dehesh M, Rejeh N, Tadrisi SD, Tayebi A. Fear of falls and related factors in the elderly undergoing dialysis referred to hospitals in Tehran 2021. Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal. 2021; 15(9): 640-9. [Persian]##Nabavi SH, Hatami ST, Norouzi F, Gerivani Z, Hatami SE, Monadi Ziarat H, et al. Prevalence of fall and its related factors among older people in Bojnurd in 2015. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2016; 11(3): 466-73. [Persian]##Mohammadi B, Ilali E, Taraghi Z, Moosazadeh M. The analysis of relationship between fear of falls with depression in aged diabetic. Journal of Gerontology. 2019; 3(3): 9-20. [Persian]##Baneshi R, Saboor M, Haghi M, Bidhendi Yarandi R, Zandieh Z. Fear of falling and its relationship with frailty in older adults. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing 2023; 18 (2): 204-17. [Persian]##Khazanin H, Daneshmandi H, Fakoor Rashid H. Effect of selected fall-proof exercises on fear of falling and quality of life in the Elderly. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2022; 16 (4): 564-77. [Persian]##Schoene D, Heller C, Aung YN, Sieber CC, Kemmler W, Freiberger E. A systematic review on the influence of fear of falling on quality of life in older people: is there a role for falls? Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2019: 14: 701-19.##Ghahfarokhi RJ, Abbaszadeh A. The relationship between quality of life and demographic variables in hemodialysis patients. Pars Journal of Medical Sciences. 2012; 10(3): 1-7. [Persian]##Ozcan A, Donat H, Gelecek N, Ozdirenc M, Karadibak D. The relationship between risk factors for falling and the quality of life in older adults. 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Comparing quality of life between seniors living in families and institutionalized in nursing homes. Social Welfare Quarterly. 2011; 10(39): 177-200. [Persian]##Sawa R, Asai T, Doi T, Misu S, Murata S, Ono R. The association between physical activity, including physical activity intensity, and fear of falling differs by fear severity in older adults living in the community. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B. 2020; 75(5): 953-60.##Shirai N, Inoue T, Ogawa M, Okamura M, Morishita S, Suguru Y, et al. Relationship between nutrition-related problems and falls in hemodialysis patients: A narrative review. Nutrients. 2022; 14(15): 1-13.## ##

Longitudinal Health Consequences of Insomnia Symptoms among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Thailand 2 2 Introduction: Insomnia symptoms may impact on various health outcomes. It is unclear how insomnia symptoms impact on health in Thailand. In a longitudinal study of ageing adults in Thailand, the goal of the research was to evaluate the relationships between insomnia symptoms and 20 health indicators. Methods: Prospective cohort data from the Health, Aging and Retirement in Thailand study, which included participants 45 years of age and older (N = 2863) from three successive waves in 2015, 2017, and 2020 were analyzed. Insomnia symptoms and health indicators were assessed by self-report. Generalized Estimating Equations analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the longitudinal relationships between measures of insomnia symptoms and 20 health indicators. Results: In 2020, 11.7% of people reported having insomnia symptoms, compared to 15.6% in 2015 and 14.6% in 2017. Insomnia symptoms were positively correlated with three poor mental health indicators (depressive symptoms, quality of life and self-rated mental health), eight poor physical health indicators (hypertension, self-rated physical health status, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, chronic lung disease, kidney disease, and physical injury), and two lifestyle indicators (physical inactivity and meal skipping) in logistic regression models. Conclusion: The study found that a number of indicators of physical and mental illness as well as lifestyle choices were linked to symptoms of insomnia. Improved detection and management of insomnia symptoms could lower indicators of physical and mental illness in Thailand. Corresponding Author: Karl Peltzer View Orcid in Profile You can search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Profile 7 13 2024/02/222024/04/7 1403/1/19 2024/05/192024/05/14 1403/2/25 Supa Pengpid Supa Pengpid Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand Thailand Karl Peltzer Karl Peltzer 1. Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand Thailand kfpeltzer@gmail.com Dararatt Anantanasuwong Dararatt Anantanasuwong Center for Aging Society Research, National Institute of Development Administration, Bangkapi Bangkok, Thailand Thailand Health Insomnia Symptoms Lifestyle Longitudinal Study Thailand Morin CM, Benca R. Chronic insomnia. Lancet. 2012; 379 (9821): 1129–41.##van de Langenberg SCN, Kocevska D, Luik AI. The multidimensionality of sleep in population-based samples: a narrative review. 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Sleep disturbance in relation to health-related quality of life in adults: the Fels longitudinal study. The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging. 2009; 13(6): 576-83.##Beydoun HA, Beydoun MA, Weiss J, Hossain S, Huang S, Alemu BT, et al. Insomnia as a predictor of diagnosed memory problems: 2006-2016 health and retirement study. Sleep Medicine. 2021; 80: 158-166.##Wong R, Lovier MA. Sleep disturbances and dementia risk in older adults: findings from 10 years of national U.S. prospective data. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2023; 64(6): 781-7.##Shi L, Chen SJ, Ma MY, Bao YP, Han Y, Wang YM, et al. Sleep disturbances increase the risk of dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 2018; 40: 4–16.##Hernández B, Scarlett S, Moriarty F, Romero-Ortuno R, Kenny RA, Reilly R. Investigation of the role of sleep and physical activity for chronic disease prevalence and incidence in older Irish adults. BMC Public Health. 2022; 22(1):1-11.##Piccolo RS, Yang M, Bliwise DL, Yaggi HK, Araujo AB. Racial and socioeconomic disparities in sleep and chronic disease: results of a longitudinal investigation. Ethnicity and Disease. 2013; 23(4): 499-507.##Ochs-Balcom HM, Hovey KM, Andrews C, Cauley JA, Hale L, Li W, et al. Short sleep is associated with low bone mineral density and osteoporosis in the women's health initiative. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 2020; 35(2): 261-8.##Park M, Buchman AS, Lim AS, Leurgans SE, Bennett DA. Sleep complaints and incident disability in a community-based cohort study of older persons. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2014; 22(7): 718-26.##Friedman EM. Self-reported sleep problems prospectively increase risk of disability: findings from the survey of midlife development in the United States. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2016; 64(11): 2235-41.##Song C, Zhang R, Wang C, Fu R, Song W, Dou K, et al. Sleep quality and risk of cancer: findings from the English longitudinal study of aging. Sleep. 2021; 44(3): 1-8.##Gibson M, Munafò MR, Taylor AE, Treur JL. Evidence for genetic correlations and bidirectional, causal effects between smoking and sleep behaviors. Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 2019; 21(6): 731–8.##Crum RM, Storr CL, Chan YF, Ford DE. Sleep disturbance and risk for alcohol-related problems. The American Journal of Psychiatry. 2004; 161(7): 1197-203.##Dzierzewski JM, Ravyts SG, Martin CE, Polak KM, Nielson SA, Pomm D, et al. Sleep disturbance and problematic alcohol use: Examination of sex and race differences. Frontiers in Sleep. 2022; 1: 1-8.##Haario P, Rahkonen O, Laaksonen M, Lahelma E, Lallukka T. Bidirectional associations between insomnia symptoms and unhealthy behaviours. Journal of Sleep Research. 2013; 22(1): 89-95.##Holfeld B, Ruthig JC. A longitudinal examination of sleep quality and physical activity in older adults. Journal of Applied Gerontology. 2014; 33(7): 791-807.##Norton MC, Eleuteri S, Cerolini S, Ballesio A, Conte SC, Falaschi P, et al. Is poor sleep associated with obesity in older adults? A narrative review of the literature. Eating and Weight Disorders. 2018; 23(1): 23-38.##Anantanasuwong D, Theerawanviwat D, Siripanich P. Panel survey and study on health and aging, and retirement in Thailand. In: Gu D, Dupre M, editors. Encyclopedia of gerontology and population aging. Springer, Cham; 2019.##Andresen EM, Malmgren JA, Carter WB, Patrick DL. Screening for depression in well older adults: evaluation of a short form of the CES-D. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 1994; 10(2): 77–84.##Katz S, Ford AB, Heiple KG, Newill VA. Studies of illness in the aged: Recovery after fracture of the hip. Journal of Gerontology. 1964; 19: 285-93.##Kim SH, Park S. A meta-analysis of the correlates of successful aging in older adults. 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Brain Behavior, and Immunity. 2022; 106: 67-75.##Smith MT, Quartana PJ, Okonkwo RM, Nasir A. Mechanisms by which sleep disturbance contributes to osteoarthritis pain: a conceptual model. Current Pain and Headache Reports. 2009; 13(6): 447-54.##Budhiraja R, Roth T, Hudgel DW, Budhiraja P, Drake CL. Prevalence and polysomnographic correlates of insomnia comorbid with medical disorders. Sleep. 2011; 34(7): 859-67.##Luyster FS, Wang J, Sciurba FC, Jessica B. Longitudinal associations between sleep disturbance and disease severity in patients with COPD. Sleep Science and Practice. 2020; 4: 1-9.##Bo Y, Yeoh EK, Guo C, Zhang Z, Tam T, Chan TC, et al. sleep and the risk of chronic kidney disease: a cohort study. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 2019; 15(3): 393-400.##Chen YY, Wu KC. Sleep habits and excessive daytime sleepiness correlate with injury risks in the general population in Taiwan. Injury Prevention. 2010; 16(3): 172-7.##Zhou T, Dai X, Yuan Y, Xue Q, Li X, Wang M, et al. 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Neglect in Nursing Homes: Prevalence and Risk Factors 2 2 Introduction: Neglect refers to the failure to meet the needs and well-being of elderly individuals. This can include inadequate care by responsible caregivers or a lack of essential necessities such as food, water, shelter, personal hygiene, medication, comfort, and safety. Despite the prevalence of neglect, no studies have specifically investigated its occurrence and related factors among elderly residents in nursing homes in Iran. In this study, we aimed to address this gap by examining neglect among older adults covered by state welfare centers in Ardabil city (Iran) in 2020. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study involving 130 older people in Ardabil, located in northwestern Iran. Our data collection tool consisted of a two-part questionnaire: one section focused on demographic information and the Elder Neglect Checklist. Participants were selected through a census from older adults residing in nursing homes. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 22). Results: Among the 130 participants, 56 (43.08%) were male, and 74 (56.92%) were female. The overall prevalence of neglect was 39.2%. Dental problems were the most common type of neglect (36.2%), followed by neglect related to providing a healthy environment (24.6%). Additionally, our findings revealed significant associations between neglect and marital status (p = 0.001), previous occupation (p = 0.002), and a history of illness (p = 0.046). Conclusion: The study highlights a concerning rate of neglect among elderly individuals, posing serious risks to their health and security. To address this issue, health and welfare officials, along with nursing homes, should implement necessary measures to improve the well-being of older adults and align with international standards. Corresponding Author: Fatemeh Ebrahimi Belil View Orcid in Profile You can search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Profile 14 19 2024/02/222024/04/72024/03/9 1402/12/19 2024/05/192024/05/142024/06/9 1403/3/20 Zahra Khalili Zahra Khalili Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran Iran Mina Jafarizadeh Mina Jafarizadeh Department of Nursing Education, Sarab University of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran Iran jafarizadeh93@gmail.com Soudabeh Mohammadi Soudabeh Mohammadi 1. Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran Iran Behnam Molaei Behnam Molaei Psychiatry Department, Medicine Faculty, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran Iran Fatemeh Ebrahimi Belil Fatemeh Ebrahimi Belil Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran Iran sara.1381@yahoo.com Neglect Aged Elder Abuse Chand M, Markova G. The European :union:'s aging population: Challenges for human resource management. Thunderbird International Business Review. 2019; 61(3): 519-29.##Mehri N, Messkoub M, Kunkel S. Trends, determinants and the implications of population aging in Iran. Ageing International. 2020; 45(4): 327-43.##Beadle JN, De la Vega CE. Impact of aging on empathy: review of psychological and neural mechanisms. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2019; 10: 1-13.##Barakat MM, Elattar NF, Zaki HN. Depression, anxiety and loneliness among elderly living in geriatric homes. American Journal of Nursing Research. 2019; 7(4): 400-11.##Vinarski-Peretz H, Halperin D. Family care in our aging society: Policy, legislation and intergenerational relations: The case of Israel. Journal of Family and Economic Issues. 2022; 43(1): 187-203.##Kulakçı Altıntas H, Korkmaz Aslan G. Prevalence of elder abuse among community-dwelling older adults in Turkey and its associated factors. Psychogeriatrics. 2020; 20(1): 3-10.##7. Moon A. Elder abuse and neglect among the Korean elderly in the United States. In: Understanding elder abuse in minority populations. Routledge; 2021. p. 109-18.##Piri N, Tanjani PT, Khodkarim S, Etemad K. Domestic elder abuse and associated factors in elderly women in Tehran, Iran. Epidemiology and Health. 2018; 40: 1-7.##Weissberger GH, Goodman MC, Mosqueda L, Schoen J, Nguyen AL, Wilber KH, et al. Elder abuse characteristics based on calls to the National Center on elder abuse resource line. Journal of Applied Gerontology. 2020; 39(10): 1078-87.##Myhre J, Saga S, Malmedal W, Ostaszkiewicz J, Nakrem S. Elder abuse and neglect: an overlooked patient safety issue. A focus group study of nursing home leaders’ perceptions of elder abuse and neglect. BMC Health Services Research. 2020; 20: 1-14.##Aslan H, Erci B. The incidence and influencing factors of elder abuse and neglect. Journal of Public Health. 2020; 28: 525-33.##Yu M, Gu L, Jiao W, Xia H, Wang W. Predictors of self-neglect among community-dwelling older adults living alone in China. Geriatric Nursing. 2019; 40(5): 457-62.##Mazzotti MC, Fais P, Amadasi A, Pelletti G, Giovannini E, Giorgetti A, et al. When the hidden issue of elder abuse leads to death: do not neglect elder neglect. The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology. 2022; 43(1): 60-5.##Hazrati M, Mashayekh M, Sharifi N, Motalebi SA. Screening for domestic abuse and its relationship with demographic variables among elderly individuals referred to primary health care centers of Shiraz in 2018. BMC Geriatrics. 2020; 20(1): 1-8.##Acharya SR, Suman B, Pahari S, Shin YC, Moon DH. Prevalence of abuse among the elderly population of Syangja, Nepal. BMC Public Health. 2021; 21(1): 1-9.##Botngård A, Eide A, Mosqueda L, Malmedal W. Elder abuse in Norwegian nursing homes: a cross-sectional exploratory study. BMC Health Services Research. 2020; 20(1): 1-12.##Heravi-Karimooi M, Rejeh N, Foroughan M, Ebadi A. Designing and determining psychometric properties of the Elder Neglect Checklist. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2013; 8(3): 25-34. [Persian]##Havreng-Théry C, Giner-Perot J, Zawieja P, Bertin-Hugault F, Belmin J, Rothan-Tondeur M. Expectations and needs of families in nursing homes: an integrative review. Medical Care Research and Review. 2021; 78(4): 311-25.##Storey JE. Risk factors for elder abuse and neglect: A review of the literature. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2020; 50: 101339.##Khalili Z, Taghadosi M, Gilasi H, Sadrollahi A. The prevalence of elder abuse and associated factors among the elderly in Kashan city, Iran. Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences. 2016; 3(2): 26-34.##Molaei M, Etemad K, Taheri Tanjani P. Prevalence of elder abuse in Iran: a systematic review and meta analysis. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2017; 12(2): 242-53. [Persian]##Brijoux T, Neise M, Zank S. Elder abuse in the oldest old: prevalence, risk factors and consequences. Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie. 2021; 54(2): 132-7.##Du P, Chen Y. Prevalence of elder abuse and victim-related risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. BMC Public Health. 2021; 21(1): 1-10.##Nemati R, khalili Z, Gholipour F. Investigation of the structural standards of nursing homes in Ardabil Province, in 2021. Journal of Health and Care. 2021; 23(3): 223-30.##Saga S, Blekken LE, Nakrem S, Sandmoe A. Relatives’ experiences with abuse and neglect in Norwegian nursing homes. A qualitative study. BMC Health Services Research. 2021; 21(1): 1-14.##Oveissi S, Fadayevatan R, Ghanbari-Boroujeni M, Hatamabadi H. Prevalence of abuse and neglect in Iranian elderly population. Journal of Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention. 2021; 8(4): 1-18. [Persian]##Sudan A, Shahi P, Julka D. Prevalence of abuse in elders with psychiatric morbidity and its sociodemographic association. Cureus. 2020; 12(4): 1-6.## ##

Social Support, Body Image, and Death Anxiety in Later Life: A Cross-Sectional Study in Yazd City, Iran 2 2 Introduction: Social support is a crucial factor in how well older adults adjust to the aging process and related challenges, such as anxiety about death. Body image in older adults is a complex and important concept, yet it has been under-researched. This study examined the correlations between social support, death anxiety, and body image in older adults residing in Yazd City, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved older adults from Yazd City, Iran, who visited comprehensive urban health centers in 2022. A convenience sample of 200 participants was selected. They completed questionnaires on demographics, social support perception, body image concerns, and death anxiety. Results: The total social support score (p < 0.01) as well as the score of family support (p < 0.05) and others' support (p < 0.01) showed a significant negative correlation with death anxiety. However, no significant association was found between death anxiety and body image, nor between social support and body image. Regression analysis revealed that only "support from others" was a significant predictor of death anxiety (p < 0.01). Men reported receiving more friends' social support than women (p < 0.05). Participants with higher socioeconomic status were more likely to receive greater family’s social support (p < 0.01) and experience less death anxiety (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Social support positively impacts the mental well-being and morale of older adults. It can, therefore, be considered a readily available resource and a form of social capital to reduce death anxiety, enhance their sense of purpose, and improve their quality of life. Corresponding Author: Reza Bidaki View Orcid in Profile You can search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Profile 20 26 2024/02/222024/04/72024/03/92023/12/15 1402/9/24 2024/05/192024/05/142024/06/92024/05/26 1403/3/6 Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad Department of Aging and Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Iran Fatemeh Mozaffari Fatemeh Mozaffari Department of Aging and Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Iran mozaffary.fateme@yahoo.com Sara Jambarsang Sara Jambarsang Department of Bio-Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Iran s.jambarsang@gmail.com Reza Bidaki Reza Bidaki Research Center of Addiction and Behavioral Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd , Iran Iran Reza_Bidaki@yahoo.com Social Support Body Image Death Anxiety Aging Riahi ME, Aliverdinia A, Pourhossein Z. Relationship between social support and mental health. Social Welfare Quarterly. 2011; 10(39): 85-121.##Liu L, Gou Z, Zuo J. Social support mediates loneliness and depression in elderly people. Journal of Health Psychology. 2016; 21(5): 750-8.##Şahin DS, Özer Ö, Yanardağ MZ. Perceived social support, quality of life and satisfaction with life in elderly people. Educational Gerontology. 2019; 45(1): 69-77.##Smith GL, Banting L, Eime R, O’Sullivan G, Van Uffelen JG. The association between social support and physical activity in older adults: a systematic review. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2017; 14(1): 1-21.##Sherman SM, Cheng YP, Fingerman KL, Schnyer DM. Social support, stress and the aging brain. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience. 2016; 11(7): 1050-8.##Salarvand S, Abedi H. The elders' experiences of social support in nursing home: A qualitative study. Iran Journal of Nursing. 2007; 20(52): 39-50. 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Resilience against death anxiety in relationship to post-traumatic stress disorder and psychiatric co-morbidity [PhD thesis]. England: University of Plymouth; 2010.##Lehto R, Stein K. Death anxiety: an analysis of an evolving concept. Research and Theory for Nursing Practice. 2009; 23(1): 23-41.##Bong M, Skaalvik EM. Academic self-concept and self-efficacy: How different are they really? Educational Psychology Review. 2003; 15(1): 1-40.##Baker L, Gringart E. Body image and self-esteem in older adulthood. Ageing & Society. 2009; 29(6): 977-95.##Cash TF. The influence of sociocultural factors on body image: Searching for constructs. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice. 2005; 12(4): 438-42.##Tiggemann M, Lynch JE. Body image across the life span in adult women: the role of self-objectification. Developmental Psychology. 2001; 37(2): 243-53.##Kim S, Park KS. A meta analysis on variables related to death anxiety of elderly in Korea. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing. 2016; 28(2): 156-68.##Ghufran M, Ansari S. Impact of widowhood on religiosity and death anxiety among senior citizens. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology. 2008; 34(1): 175-80.##Mehri Nejad SA, Ramezan Saatchi L, Paydar S. Death anxiety and its relationship with social support and adherence to religion in the elderly. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2017; 11(4): 494-503. [Persian]##Poordad S, Momeni K, Karami J. Death anxiety and its relationship with social support and gratitude in older adults. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2019; 14(1): 26-39. [Persian]##Amini chokami A, Razavi V. Relationship between social support and hope and death anxiety among the old people of Tehran Omid Cultural Center. International Journal of Life Sciences. 2015; 9(2): 65-70.##Vaux A, Phillips J, Holly L, Thomson B, Williams D, Stewart D. The social support appraisals (SS-A) scale: Studies of reliability and validity. 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Social support, satisfaction with physician-patient relationship, couple satisfaction, body satisfaction, optimism as predictors of life satisfaction in people having a current perceived health problem. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2015; 187: 772-6.## ##

Emotion Regulation Mediates the Associations of Loneliness and Empathy with Death Anxiety in the Elderly 2 2 Introduction: In old age, diseases and frailty can be minimized through proper care and understanding, paving the way for healthy and normative aging. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between loneliness and empathy with death anxiety in the elderly. Methods: This study utilized structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all elderly residents of Ahvaz, Iran, in 2023. Convenient sampling was employed to select 108 elderly individuals. The research instruments included the Death Anxiety Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were adopted for data analysis. Results: There was a direct relationship between loneliness and adaptive emotion regulation and maladaptive emotion regulation in the elderly. Additionally, there was a direct relationship between empathy and death anxiety, adaptive emotion regulation, and maladaptive emotion regulation. Moreover, a positive relationship was observed between maladaptive emotion regulation and death anxiety, while a negative relationship existed between adaptive emotion regulation and death anxiety in the elderly (p < 0.001). The results revealed an indirect relationship between loneliness and death anxiety mediated by emotion regulation. There was also an indirect relationship between empathy and death anxiety mediated by emotion regulation (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The proposed model exhibited a good fit. Therefore, raising awareness and implementing measures to empower the elderly in emotion regulation concerning the relationship between loneliness and empathy can play a key role in reducing their death anxiety. Corresponding Author: Roya Ahmadimad View Orcid in Profile You can search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Profile 27 34 2024/02/222024/04/72024/03/92023/12/152024/01/26 1402/11/6 2024/05/192024/05/142024/06/92024/05/262024/04/9 1403/1/21 Roya Ahmadimajd Roya Ahmadimajd Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran Iran ahmadimajdr@gmail.com Aged Emotions Loneliness Empathy Anxiety Isaacowitz DM. What do we know about aging and emotion regulation?. Perspectives Psychological Science. 2022; 17(6): 1541-55.##Farmani F, Gholami Sehchek S, Sarmadi M, Jahanshahloo M. The prediction of quality of life - based on personality traits and spiritual intelligence in the elderly. Elderly Health Journal. 2022; 8(2): 75-81.##Musich S, Wang SS, Kraemer S, Hawkins K, Wicker E. Purpose in life and positive health outcomes among older adults. Population Health Management. 2018; 21(2): 139-47.##Hatcher D, Chang E, Schmied V, Garrido S. Exploring the perspectives of older people on the concept of home. Journal of Aging Research. 2019; 2019: 1-10.##Hatamian P, Rasoolzadeh Tabatabaei SK. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and meta-cognitive therapy based on training on emotion regulation and anxiety sensitivity in elderly with heart disease. Elderly Health Journal. 2020; 6(2): 78-4.##Greenblatt-Kimron L, Kestler-Peleg M, Even-Zohar A, Lavenda O. Death anxiety and loneliness among older adults: role of parental self-efficacy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18: 1-11.##Ebrahimi B, Hosseini M, Rashedi V. The relationship between social support and death anxiety among the elderly. Elderly Health Journal. 2018; 4(2): 37-42.##Rayatpisheh F, Torabizadeh C, Najafi Kalyani M, Farsi Z. Relationship between resilience and death anxiety of the older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. BMC Geriatrics. 2023; 23(1): 1-7.##Rashedi V, Ebrahimi B, Sharif Mohseni M, Hosseini M. Death anxiety and life expectancy among older adults in Iran. Journal of Caring Sciences. 2020; 9(3): 168-72.##Raziani Y, Mahdavi A, Ngoc Huy DT, Mutlak DA, Le K, Laila A, et al. Death anxiety in the Iranian elderly: A systematic review and meta-Analysis study. Omega: Journal of Death & Dying. 2022: 1-18.##Guner TA, Erdogan Z, Demir I. The effect of loneliness on death anxiety in the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic. OMEGA-Journal of Death and Dying. 2023; 87(1): 262-82.##Chen X, Liu T, Li P, Wei W, Chao M. The relationship between media involvement and death anxiety of self-quarantined people in the COVID-19 outbreak in China: the mediating roles of empathy and sympathy. OMEGA-Journal of Death and Dying. 2022; 85(4): 974-89.##Vakili M, Mirzaei M, Modarresi M. Loneliness and its related factors among elderly people in Yazd. Elderly Health Journal. 2017; 3(1): 10-5.##Donovan NJ, Blazer D. Social isolation and loneliness in older adults: review and commentary of a national academies report. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2020; 28(12): 1233-44.##Berg-Weger M, Morley J. Loneliness in old age: an unaddressed health problem. The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging. 2020; 24(3): 243-5.##Arslantaş H, Adana F, Abacigil Ergin F, Kayar D, Acar G. loneliness in elderly people, associated factors and its correlation with quality of life: a field study from Western Turkey. Iran Journal of Public Health. 2015; 44(1): 43-50.##Fakoya OA, McCorry NK, Donnelly M. Loneliness and social isolation interventions for older adults: a scoping review of reviews. BMC Public Health. 2020; 20: 1-14.##Beadle JN, de la Vega CE. Impact of aging on empathy: review of psychological and neural mechanisms. Front Psychiatry. 2019; 10.##Guariglia P, Palmiero M, Giannini AM, Piccardi L. The key role of empathy in the relationship between age and social support. Healthcare (Basel). 2023; 11(17): 1-11.##Huo M, Fuentecilla JL, Birditt KS, Fingerman KL. Older adults' empathy and daily support exchanges. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. 2019; 36(11-12): 3814-34.##Jack K. Demonstrating empathy when communicating with older people. Nursing Older People. 2022; 34(1): 34-41.##Tyra AT, Griffin SM, Fergus TA, Ginty AT. Individual differences in emotion regulation prospectively predict early COVID-19 related acute stress. Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 2021; 81: 1-11.##Livingstone KM, Isaacowitz DM. Age and emotion regulation in daily life: Frequency, strategies, tactics, and effectiveness. Emotion. 2021; 21(1): 39-51.##Lantrip C, Huang JH. Cognitive control of emotion in older adults: a review. Clinical Psychiatry (Wilmington). 2017; 3(1): 1-10.##Izard CE. Emotion theory and research: highlights, unanswered questions, and emerging issues. The Annual Review of Psychology. 2009; 60: 1-25.##Kline RB. Principels and practice of structural equation modeling. NY: Guilford Press; 1998.##Templer DI. The construction and validation of a Death Anxiety Scale. The Journal of General Psychology. 1970; 82(2d Half): 165-77.##Sharif Nia H, Ebadi A, Lehto RH, Mousavi B, Peyrovi H, Chan YH. Reliability and validity of the Persian version of Templer death anxiety scale-extended in veterans of Iran-Iraq warfare. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. 2014; 8(4): 29-37.##Russell DW. UCLA loneliness scale (version 3): reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment. 1996; 66(1): 20-40.##Zarei S, Memari AH, Moshayedi P, Shayestehfar M. Validity and reliability of the UCLA loneliness scale version 3 in Farsi. Educational Gerontology. 2016; 42(1): 49-57.##Davis MH. A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1980; 10(85): 1-20.##Golbabaei S, Barati M, Haromi ME, Ghazazani N, Borhani K. Development and construct validation of a short form of the interpersonal reactivity index in Iranian community. Current Psychology. 2023; 42(16): 14038-50.##Garnefski N, Kraaij V. Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire – development of a short 18-item version (CERQ-short). Personality and Individual Differences. 2006; 41(6): 1045-53.##Hasani J, Emadi Chashmi SJ, Zakiniaeiz Y, Potenza MN. Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire-short (CERQ-P-short): Reliability, validity, factor structure, treatment sensitivity, and measurement invariance. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 2024; 170: 1-10.##Salmani M, Zoghi L. The relationship between loneliness, spiritual intelligence and general health with death anxiety in the elderly: the mediating role of mindfulness. Psychology. 2022; 8(1): 39-54.##Azad Manjiri M, Namani E. The moderating effect of empathy on the relation psychological capital with depression and anxiety among nurses. Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. 2020; 27(3): 463-73.##Vesali H, Lachini A, Afshani R, MahdoodiZaman M. The relationship between defensive styles and cognitive emotion regulation strategies anxiety death in the elderly. Thoughts and Behavior in Clinical Psychology. 2020; 15(55): 17-26.## ##

The Effect of Eight-Eeek Kegel Training on Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Females with Urinary Incontinence 2 2 Introduction: Urinary incontinence (UI) is the leakage of urine which is often uncontrollable and can negatively impact on the quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of an eight-week of Kegel exercise as a complementary therapy on QoL in postmenopausal females with UI. Methods: The study design was a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test with a control group trial. The participants were Iranian women aged between 60 to 95 years with UI problems referring to medical centers in Najafabad city in Isfahan Province, Iran. Twenty four female UI patients were recruited and randomly divided into Kegel exercise (n = 12) and control group (n = 12). The Kegel group received exercise three times a week for eight-week, and the control group continued their routine life. The Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis and the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire were used for data collection. The variables were measured before and after the Kegel protocol in both groups. Descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance were used to assess variable differences between groups (p < 0.05). Results: The mean age of UI patients was 70.83 ± 7.61 years old. Analysis of variance demonstrated a significant decrease in stress urinary incontinence symptoms (F = 61.88, p = 0.01), urge urinary incontinence symptoms (F = 111.56, p = 0.01), and UI symptoms (F = 88.20, p = 0.01), and significant increase in physical health (F = 28.93, p = 0.01), psychological health (F = 15.35, p = 0.01), social relationships (F = 18.83, p = 0.01), environment health (F = 155.51, p = 0.01), QoL (F = 132.07, p = 0.01) in Kegel exercise group. Conclusion: Kegel exercise can be an effective complementary therapy for improving QoL in postmenopausal female suffering from UI. Healthcare providers should consider recommending Kegel exercise as part of comprehensive treatment approach for postmenopausal female with UI to help alleviate symptoms and enhance their overall QoL. Corresponding Author: Elham Eftekhari View Orcid in Profile You can search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Profile 35 42 2024/02/222024/04/72024/03/92023/12/152024/01/262024/03/26 1403/1/7 2024/05/192024/05/142024/06/92024/05/262024/04/92024/06/12 1403/3/23 Elham Afshari Elham Afshari Sports Medicine Research Center, Najafabad Branch Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran Iran Elham Eftekhari Elham Eftekhari Sports Medicine Research Center, Najafabad Branch Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran Iran e.eftekhari66@gmail.com Urinary Incontinence Exercise Therapy Quality of Life Postmenopausal Aging Trowbridge ER, Hoover EF. Evaluation and treatment of urinary incontinence in women. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America. 2022; 51(1): 157-75.##Mallah F, Montazeri A, Ghanbari Z, Tavoli A, Haghollahi F, Aziminekoo E. Effect of urinary incontinence on quality of life among Iranian women. Journal of Family & Reproductive Health. 2014; 8(1): 13-9.##Ahmed HM, Osman VA, Al-Alaf SK, Al-Tawil NG. Prevalence of urinary incontinence and probable risk factors in a sample of Kurdish women. Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal. 2013; 13(2): 269-74.##Khandelwal C, Kistler C. Diagnosis of urinary incontinence. American Family Physician. 2013; 87(8): 543-50.##El Khoudary SR, Greendale G, Crawford SL, Avis NE, Brooks MM, Thurston RC, et al. The menopause transition and women's health at midlife: a progress report from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Menopause. 2019; 26(10): 1213-27.##Prajapati MM. Awareness regarding menopausal symptoms and effect on daily life of postmenopausal women. Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences. 2020; 7(1): 130-6.##Ali AM, Ahmed AH, Smail L. Psychological climacteric symptoms and attitudes toward menopause among Emirati women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(14): 1-20.##Distler W. Urinary incontinence-taboo during postmenopause. Zeitschrift fur Arztliche Fortbildung und Qualitatssicherung. 2000; 94(3): 211-5.##Huang YC, Chang KV. Kegel exercises. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022.##Milsom I, Gyhagen M. The prevalence of urinary incontinence. Climacteric: The Journal of the International Menopause Society. 2019; 22(3): 217-22.##Sazonova NA, Kiseleva MG, Gadzhieva ZK, Gvozdev MY. Urinary incontinence in women and its impact on quality of life. Urologiia. 2022: 2: 136-9.##Elenskaia K, Haidvogel K, Heidinger C, Doerfler D, Umek W, Hanzal E. The greatest taboo: urinary incontinence as a source of shame and embarrassment. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift. 2011; 123(19-20): 607-10.##Saboia DM, Firmiano MLV, Bezerra KC, Vasconcelos JAN, Oriá MOB, Vasconcelos CTM. Impact of urinary incontinence types on women's quality of life. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P. 2017; 51: 1-8.##Pizzol D, Demurtas J, Celotto S, Maggi S, Smith L, Angiolelli G, et al. Urinary incontinence and quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. 2021; 33(1): 25-35.##Abu Raddaha AH, Nasr EH. Kegel exercise training program among women with urinary incontinence. Healthcare. 2022; 10(12): 1-12.##16. Papanikolaou DT, Lampropoulou S, Giannitsas K, Skoura A, Fousekis K, Billis E. Pelvic floor muscle training: Novel versus traditional remote rehabilitation methods. A systematic review and meta-analysis on their effectiveness for women with urinary incontinence. Neurourology and Urodynamics. 2023; 42(4): 856-74.##Kharaji G, ShahAli S, Ebrahimi-Takamjani I, Sarrafzadeh J, Sanaei F, Shanbehzadeh S. Supervised versus unsupervised pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of women with urinary incontinence - a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Urogynecology Journal. 2023; 34(7): 1339-49.##Radzimińska A, Strączyńska A, Weber-Rajek M, Styczyńska H, Strojek K, Piekorz Z. The impact of pelvic floor muscle training on the quality of life of women with urinary incontinence: a systematic literature review. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2018; 13: 957-65.##Park SH, Kang CB, Jang SY, Kim BY. Effect of Kegel exercise to prevent urinary and fecal incontinence in antenatal and postnatal women: a systematic review. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2013; 43(3): 420-30.##20. Kolcaba K, Dowd T, Winslow EH, Jacobson AF. Kegel exercises. Strengthening the weak pelvic floor muscles that cause urinary incontinence. The American Journal of Nursing. 2000; 100(11): 59.##Nilsen I, Rebolledo G, Acharya G, Leivseth G. Mechanical oscillations superimposed on the pelvic floor muscles during Kegel exercises reduce urine leakage in women suffering from stress urinary incontinence: A prospective cohort study with a 2-year follow up. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2018; 97(10): 1185-91.##Cavkaytar S, Kokanali MK, Topcu HO, Aksakal OS, Doğanay M. Effect of home-based Kegel exercises on quality of life in women with stress and mixed urinary incontinence. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology: the Journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2015; 35(4): 407-10.##Hoseini SS, Ghahremani L, Khorasani F, Yarelahi M, Asadollahi A. Training of pelvic floor muscle training improves the severity and quality of urine incontinence and increases social participation of older women in Southern Iran. Current Aging Science. 2024; 17(1): 68-73.##Vasiee A, Mozafari M, Ghiasi N, Pakzad R, Masoumi M. Effect of Kegel’s exercises on urinary incontinence, frailty syndrome, and self-esteem after TURPturp: a RCT. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2024; 19(1): 54-69. [Persian]##Hajebrahimi S, Nourizadeh D, Hamedani R, Pezeshki MZ. Validity and reliability of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form and its correlation with urodynamic findings. Urology Journal. 2012; 9(4): 685-90.##Díaz-Álvarez L, Lorenzo-Gallego L, Romay-Barrero H, Prieto-Gómez V, Torres-Lacomba M, Navarro-Brazález B. Does the contractile capability of pelvic floor muscles improve with knowledge acquisition and verbal instructions in healthy women? a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(15): 1-14.##Bradley CS, Rovner ES, Morgan MA, Berlin M, Novi JM, Shea JA, et al. A new questionnaire for urinary incontinence diagnosis in women: development and testing. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2005; 192(1): 66-73.##Mokhlesi SS, Kariman N, Ebadi A, Khoshnejad F, Dabiri F. Psychometric properties of the questionnaire for urinary incontinence diagnosis of married women of Qom city in 2015. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2017; 15(10): 955-66. [Persian]##What quality of life? The WHOQOL Group. World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment. World Health Forum. 1996; 17(4): 354-6.##Dumoulin C, Cacciari LP, Hay-Smith EJC. Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018; 10(10): 1-158.##Yang SJ, Liu YT, Lo SS, Tsai CC, Pan PJ. Effect of a comprehensive rehabilitation program for community women with urinary incontinence: a retrospect cohort study. Healthcare. 2021; 9(12): 1-12.##Nejat S, Montazeri A, Holakouie Naieni K, Mohammad K, Majdzadeh R. The World Health Organization quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire: Translation and validation study of the Iranian version. Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research. 2006; 4(4): 1-12. [Persian]##Moreno AL, Benitez CM, Castro RA, Girão MJ, Baracat EC, de Lima GR. Urodynamic alterations after pelvic floor exercises for treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women. Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2004; 31(3): 194-6.##Kashanian M, Shah Ali S, Nazemi M, Baha Sadri S. Evaluation of the effect of Kegel exercise and Kegel master device on the urinary incontinence in women of reproductive age and a comparison between them. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2010; 17(77): 55-66. [Persian]##Aksac B, Aki S, Karan A, Yalcin O, Isikoglu M, Eskiyurt N. Biofeedback and pelvic floor exercises for the rehabilitation of urinary stress incontinence. 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Comparison of the Effects of Mobile Learning and Traditional Self-care Education on Loneliness and Social Isolation in Community-dwelling Older Adults: Study Protocol of a Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial 2 2 Introduction: Loneliness and social isolation are common problems in older adults, which has negative effects on health. Increasing self-care ability seems to help. Therefore, the present study will be conducted with the aim of comparing the effects of mobile learning and traditional self-care education on loneliness and social isolation in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This three-arm randomized controlled trial will be conducted in Tehran-Iran 2024. The qualified older adults from health centers in Tehran city will be consecutively selected and randomly allocated into three groups: mobile learning (n = 40), traditional education (n = 40), and control (n = 40). The loneliness inventory for older adults, Lubben social network scale, and demographic characteristics will be used to collect information, and completed before, immediately, and 12 weeks after the intervention. The data will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS software version 16 at a significance level of p < 0.05. Conclusion: This clinical trial will determine the most successful and cost-effective approach in reducing loneliness and social isolation in older adults. The results are expected to improve the self-care skills of the older adults, thereby reducing the negative consequences of loneliness and social isolation, including various health issues and mortality rates, in the long run. Corresponding Author: Mehrnoosh Partovirad View Orcid in Profile You can search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Profile 43 51 2024/02/222024/04/72024/03/92023/12/152024/01/262024/03/262024/03/11 1402/12/21 2024/05/192024/05/142024/06/92024/05/262024/04/92024/06/122024/06/12 1403/3/23 Nasrin Nikpeyma Nasrin Nikpeyma Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iran Reza Negarandeh Reza Negarandeh Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iran Mehrnoosh Partovirad Mehrnoosh Partovirad Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iran Partovirad76@gmail.com Aged Loneliness Social Isolation Self-Care E Learning Esmaeili R, Esmaeili M. Quality of life in the elderly: A meta-synthesis. 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Comparison of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy and Integrated Transdiagnostic Psychotherapy for Emotion Regulation and Distress Tolerance 2 2 Introduction: Cardiac disease significantly impacts global health, causing substantial disability and mortality. This study compared the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and integrated transdiagnostic psychotherapy (ITP) on emotion regulation and distress tolerance in patients with type D personality, characterized by social inhibition and negative affectivity. Methods: A semi-experimental design randomly assigned 60 cardiac patients with type D personality from Simorgh Heart Clinic, Mashhad, Iran, in 2022, to MBCT group (n = 20), ITP group (n = 20) and control group (n = 20). The MBCT and ITP groups received respective interventions, while the control group received no intervention. Emotion regulation and distress tolerance were assessed using validated scales before and after the interventions. Results: MBCT demonstrated significantly greater improvement in both emotion regulation and distress tolerance compared to ITP and the control group. Conclusion: This study suggests that MBCT may be a more effective intervention than ITP in improving emotion regulation and distress tolerance in cardiac patients with type D personality. Mindfulness-based approaches could offer valuable tools for managing emotional challenges in this population. Corresponding Author: Mehdi Nayyeri View Orcid in Profile You can search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Profile 52 61 2024/02/222024/04/72024/03/92023/12/152024/01/262024/03/262024/03/112023/12/13 1402/9/22 2024/05/192024/05/142024/06/92024/05/262024/04/92024/06/122024/06/122024/04/28 1403/2/9 Masoume Bigonah Roodmajani Masoume Bigonah Roodmajani Department of Psychology, Torbat-e Jam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Torbat-e Jam, Iran Iran Mehdi Nayyeri Mehdi Nayyeri Department of Psychology, Torbat-e Jam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Torbat-e Jam, Iran Iran Mahdi.nayyeri@gmail.com Javad Ramezani Javad Ramezani Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Iran Therapy Emotion Regulation Distress Tolerance Cardiac Patients Personality Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2015 update: a report from the American heart association. 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Awareness: the Golden Key to Understanding Healthcare Seeking Behavior among Elderly Hypertensive Patients in Taft, Iran 2 2 Introduction: Healthcare seeking behavior is crucial for early detection and proper management of hypertension in the elderly. This study investigated the factors influencing healthcare seeking behavior among elderly hypertensive patients residing in Taft, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 230 hypertensive individuals aged 60 and above residing in Taft, Yazd Province, Iran. Participants were randomly selected and completed a questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. The questionnaire assessed their healthcare seeking behaviors and potential influencing factors. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Correlation tests and linear regression analysis were employed to identify significant relationships (p < 0.05). Results: A significant majority (70%) of participants reported always paying attention to symptoms of high blood pressure. When experiencing symptoms, over half (53.9%) of the participants indicated a preference for visiting health centers, general practitioners' offices, or emergency departments. Among the factors studied, awareness (B = 0.228) emerged as the most significant positive predictor of healthcare seeking behavior (p < 0.05). Other positive influences included decision-making autonomy (B = 0.177), prior experience with healthcare services (B = 0.131), and social support (B = 0.131) – all statistically significant at p < 0.05. Conversely, barriers to healthcare seeking had a negative and significant impact (B = - 0.064, p < 0.05). Collectively, the investigated factors explained 23% of the variation observed in healthcare seeking behavior among the elderly participants (R2 = 0.23). Conclusion: This study identified awareness of hypertension as the strongest predictor of healthcare seeking behavior in elderly patients. Additionally, providing accessible and supportive healthcare services can further encourage elderly hypertensive patients to seek necessary care. Corresponding Author: Masoumeh Abbasi‑Shavazi View Orcid in Profile You can search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Profile 62 69 2024/02/222024/04/72024/03/92023/12/152024/01/262024/03/262024/03/112023/12/132023/12/20 1402/9/29 2024/05/192024/05/142024/06/92024/05/262024/04/92024/06/122024/06/122024/04/282024/05/26 1403/3/6 Mandana Pirouz Mandana Pirouz Department of Aging and Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Iran Masoumeh Abbasi‑Shavazi Masoumeh Abbasi‑Shavazi Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Iran mabbasishavazi@gmail.com Sara Jambarsang Sara Jambarsang Center for Health Care Data Modeling, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Iran Maliheh Alimondegari Maliheh Alimondegari Department of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran Iran Mohsen Mirzaei Mohsen Mirzaei Health Monitoring Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Iran Health Care Seeking Behavior Blood Pressure Awareness Aged Bartwal J, Rawat CMS, Awasthi S. 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Depression, Perfectionism, and Hypertension in the Elderly: A Path Analysis Examining Worry, Ambiguity Tolerance, and Problem-Solving 2 2 Introduction: Hypertension is a prevalent condition among the elderly, significantly contributing to the burden of cardiovascular disease and related complications. This study examined how depression and perfectionism influence hypertension in older adults. It also explored how worry, tolerance for ambiguity, and problem-solving skills might influence this relationship. Methods: Researchers recruited 192 participants with hypertension from a health center in Khoy city, Urmia, Iran. Participants completed questionnaires that assessed depression, perfectionism, worry, ambiguity tolerance, and problem-solving skills. Statistical methods were used to analyze the data and identify relationships between these factors and hypertension. Results: Depression, perfectionism, worry, and ambiguity tolerance were all significantly associated with hypertension. Interestingly, problem-solving skills were not linked to blood pressure. Further analysis revealed that worry played a reinforcing role in the link between depression/perfectionism and hypertension, while ambiguity tolerance had a protective effect. In other words, higher worry levels strengthened the association between depression/perfectionism and high blood pressure, while greater tolerance for ambiguity lessened this association. Conclusion: These findings suggest that emotional factors like worry and intolerance for ambiguity can significantly impact blood pressure in older adults. Therefore, managing these emotions alongside depression and perfectionistic tendencies may be crucial for controlling hypertension. Corresponding Author: Masood Ghorbanalipour View Orcid in Profile You can search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Profile 70 75 2024/02/222024/04/72024/03/92023/12/152024/01/262024/03/262024/03/112023/12/132023/12/202024/05/11 1403/2/22 2024/05/192024/05/142024/06/92024/05/262024/04/92024/06/122024/06/122024/04/282024/05/262024/06/22 1403/4/2 Masood Ghorbanalipour Masood Ghorbanalipour Department of Psychology, Khoy Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khoy, Iran Iran Masoudqorbanalipour@gmail.com Shahla Alilou Shahla Alilou Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan, Tabriz, Iran Iran Kosar Babalou Kosar Babalou Department of Psychology, Khoy Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khoy, Iran Iran Nika Akbarlou Nika Akbarlou Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Azad University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran Iran Hypertension Worry Depression Perfectionism Ambiguity Tolerance Gui J, Li Y, Liu H, Guo L, Li J, Lei Y, et al. 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